The Gobrecht Dollar is an important piece of American history that many coin collectors admire. Minted between 1836 and 1839, this silver dollar was the first attempt to revive the silver dollar in the United States after a long break. With beautiful designs and historical significance, the Gobrecht Dollar is sought after by collectors today. This article will explain the background, design, and collecting aspects of the Gobrecht Dollar, making it easier to understand for everyone, including those who might be new to coin collecting.
The Mint’s Return to Silver Dollar Production
In 1831, the United States Mint began making silver dollars again after stopping production in 1804. This decision came from Mint Director Samuel Moore, who saw the need for a new dollar coin. In 1835, under a new director named Robert M. Patterson, plans to create a beautiful dollar coin got underway. The idea was to make a coin that reflected the artistic styles of the time, specifically the Neoclassical movement. This movement focused on classic beauty and elegance, which Patterson wanted to incorporate into the new silver dollar.
The engraver Christian Gobrecht designed the Gobrecht Dollar using ideas from artists Thomas Sully and Titian Peale. The main image on the front of the coin shows a seated Liberty. At first, Gobrecht’s name was placed prominently on the coin, but some people thought this was arrogant. So, it was moved to a less noticeable spot to avoid criticism. In late 1836, 1,000 coins were produced with the new design.
Changes Made to the Coin
In 1837, the Mint Act brought some changes. The weight of the silver dollar was reduced, and the mixture of metals changed to 90% silver and 10% copper. As a result, 600 more coins were made in 1837, but they were still marked with the year 1836. There were two types of alignment for these coins: “coin” alignment and “medal” alignment. Coin alignment means the reverse side (the back) is upside down when you flip the coin over, while medal alignment means the reverse stays right-side up.
Although these dollars were meant to be used in everyday transactions, they were all made with a special finish called “Proof.” This finish is smooth and shiny, making these coins quite valuable and collectible. Over the years, additional restrikes of the Gobrecht Dollar were created to meet collector demand. These restrikes came in different metals, including copper and silver, and were made with different die pairings, leading to various designs.
Rarity and Value of Gobrecht Dollars
Today, almost 800 Gobrecht Dollars are known to exist. All are categorized as Proofs, meaning they have been specially made for collectors and are rare. The original coins from 1836 are more common than the 1837 and 1839 versions, but all Gobrecht Dollars are considered scarce and valuable. Some of them can be extremely expensive, especially those rated PR62 or higher.
It’s important to note that there are counterfeit Gobrecht Dollars out there. Some forgers have created fake coins that can trick collectors. Knowing how to identify these counterfeits is crucial for anyone interested in collecting Gobrecht Dollars.
Design Features of the Gobrecht Dollar
Front Design (Obverse)
The front side of the Gobrecht Dollar features Liberty sitting on a rock. She is wearing classical robes, and her head is turned slightly to the left. Liberty holds a liberty pole in one hand and a shield in the other, with the word “LIBERTY” written across it. The date is shown at the bottom of the coin, giving it a clean and simple look.
Back Design (Reverse)
The back side of the coin shows an eagle flying up. The eagle is surrounded by stars that represent the original and new states in the United States. The words “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” are written at the top, with “ONE DOLLAR” at the bottom. This design emphasizes the pride of the nation and the value of the coin.
Coin Specifications
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Years of Issue | 1836-1839 |
| Mintage (Circulation) | All struck in Proof finishes, though some circulated |
| Mintage (Proof) | High: 1,000 (1836 originals); Low: 300 (1839 originals) |
| Alloy | .8924 silver, .1076 copper (early 1836); .900 silver, .100 copper (all others) |
| Weight | 26.96 g (early 1836); 26.73 g (all others) |
| Diameter | 39.00 mm |
| Edge | Plain edge (1836 originals), reeded edge (1839 originals) |
| Obverse Designer | Christian Gobrecht, based on designs by Thomas Sully and Titian Peale |
| Reverse Designer | Christian Gobrecht, based on designs by Thomas Sully and Titian Peale |
Conclusion: A Valuable Addition to Any Collection
The Gobrecht Dollar is not just a piece of money; it is a symbol of American history and artistry. Minted during a time when the U.S. was establishing its identity, these coins have gained importance among collectors. Their unique designs, historical context, and limited availability make them a prized possession. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or a beginner, understanding the Gobrecht Dollar can help you appreciate its significance in the world of coin collecting. If you ever come across one, you’ll know its worth and the story it carries.
FAQ’s
What is the Gobrecht Dollar?
The Gobrecht Dollar is a silver coin minted in the United States between 1836 and 1839. It was designed by engraver Christian Gobrecht and features a depiction of Liberty on the front and an eagle on the back. This coin was part of an effort to revive the silver dollar in the U.S. after a long absence.
How many Gobrecht Dollars were made?
Approximately 1,000 Gobrecht Dollars were originally minted in 1836, with around 600 additional coins produced in 1837. All Gobrecht Dollars were made with a special Proof finish, making them rare and valuable, especially in higher grades. Today, nearly 800 Gobrecht Dollars are known to exist.
Why are Gobrecht Dollars valuable?
Gobrecht Dollars are valuable due to their rarity, historical significance, and unique artistic design. They were among the first silver dollars produced after a long hiatus and are highly sought after by collectors. Their limited mintage and special Proof finish contribute to their high market value, especially for well-preserved specimens.